Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Market Insights

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a disease characterized by a slight or total loss of function of the kidney due to a sudden kidney injury. AKI is distinguished from chronic kidney disease, in which over a period of time, kidney function is lost. AKI is characterized by a sudden decrease in the rate of glomerular filtration, which is clinically manifested as an abrupt and prolonged increase in creatinine and urea. The disease leads to a sudden loss of kidney function, leading to waste products being stored, electrolyte disruptions, and changes in volume status. If serum creatinine increases by 0.3 mg/dl (26.5 μmol/l) or more in 48 h or rises to at least 1.5-fold within 7 days from baseline, AKI is diagnosed. The maximum change of either serum creatinine or urine production is established by the AKI stages.

The current therapy is aimed at treating the underlying cause and prognosis of AKI, and there is no cure for AKI. In manageable cases of AKI, traditional therapies such as medications to regulate blood pressure, fluid overload and cardiac function, to stabilize hemodynamic and oxygenation parameters, glycemic regulation, dietary support to minimize the intensity of AKI are commonly used while Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) therapies are suggested in critically ill patients.

Factors driving the growth of the market are the increase of acute kidney injury disease in the US population, the involvement of the FDA, government, and the National Kidney Function and European Medicines Agency in developing new clinical trials and treatment methods, and advances in treatment. Various government agencies are designing new clinical trials and treatment guidelines for patients who can experience mild to serious acute kidney injury following coronary bypasses, such as the FDA granted a Fast-Track investigational therapy designation. In order to enhance healthcare services, the implementation of new technology plays a crucial role. There are currently significant improvements in the care offered for acute kidney injury, as researchers are using innovative new methods, predictive models, and biomarkers to enhance dialysis protocols and stymie production at an early stage of acute kidney injury. Emphasis is provided along with AKI biomarkers on risk stratification that will improve overall care.

According to a report by Fatpos Global, the global burden of acute kidney injury has increased over the years. Among major markets, the United States has reported having maximum incident cases of AKI. Though the incidence of AKI is high across the US, the condition is often undiagnosed, ultimately leading to a lower treatable pool that contributes to the market size of AKI. Also, Patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) will be at increased risk of AKI through fever, reduced fluid intake, diarrhea, and NSAIDs used for the treatment of myalgias and headaches. Patients without pre-existing CKD may also develop AKI when presenting with COVID-19 and require renal replacement therapy.

Key Findings:

• In the seven global markets, the cumulative Acute Kidney Injury event population was found to be 1,525, in 2017. In the United States, the Acute Kidney Injury event population in 2017 was 895,078, which is projected to rise in the forecast period.
• In contrast to the EU5 (United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, France and Spain) and Japan, the United States accounts for the highest market share for AKI.
• AKI's higher Diagnosed Discharge Cases in the United States were found in 2017 with 532,810 diagnosed discharge cases.
• In manageable cases of AKI, traditional therapies such as medications for controlling blood pressure, fluid overload and cardiac function, stabilizing hemodynamic and oxygenation parameters, glycemic regulation, dietary support to minimize the severity of AKI are commonly used while RRT therapies are suggested in critically ill patients.

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Emerging Drugs are EA-230: Exponential Biotherapies, ANG-3777 (BB3): Angion Biomedica, Teprasiran (QPI-1002) and ASP1128 by Astellas Pharma